research-review:prospective-analysis-of-genetic-variants-associated-with-human-lifespan
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research-review:prospective-analysis-of-genetic-variants-associated-with-human-lifespan [2019/10/17 22:00] marcos [Discussion] |
research-review:prospective-analysis-of-genetic-variants-associated-with-human-lifespan [2019/11/13 21:08] (current) marcos |
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| + | // This paper was covered at a journal club called [[https://www.meetup.com/New-York-Science-Journal-Club |Deep Dive]], part of [[http://www.biotechwithoutborders.org/|Biotech without Borders]]. // | ||
| ===== A Prospective Analysis of Genetic Variants Associated with Human Lifespan ===== | ===== A Prospective Analysis of Genetic Variants Associated with Human Lifespan ===== | ||
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| Variants where a single nucleotide in the DNA is altered often result in the same allele. These single nucleotide differences are referred to as SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variants. SNP's can arise in any of the cells of the body due to mutations. While mutations are infrequent, they occur because the DNA copying process is imperfect. | Variants where a single nucleotide in the DNA is altered often result in the same allele. These single nucleotide differences are referred to as SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variants. SNP's can arise in any of the cells of the body due to mutations. While mutations are infrequent, they occur because the DNA copying process is imperfect. | ||
| - | As a population grows older, members of the same age with alleles that reduce lifespan, will die off first. The cells within an individual also mutate, but at a very slow rate. So slow, that DNA samples from the same person, taken 80 years apart, would still show a [[https://www.quora.com/If-you-take-a-DNA-sample-from-a-newborn-would-it-match-a-DNA-sample-from-when-the-same-person-is-80 |majority of cells]] having the original DNA. | + | As a population grows older, members of the same age with alleles that reduce lifespan, will die off first. The cells within an individual also mutate, but at a very slow rate. So slow, that DNA samples from the same person, taken 80 years apart, would still show a [[https://www.quora.com/If-you-take-a-DNA-sample-from-a-newborn-would-it-match-a-DNA-sample-from-when-the-same-person-is-80 |majority of cells]] having the original DNA. However, there are cases of [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446794 |clonal mosaicism]], where a mutation can give rise to body regions with a different genome. |
| There may be some cases, however, where mutations have a survival advantage compared to neighboring cells, and are able to gain majority. An example of this is cancer. However, it is unlikely that DNA samples will be composed of a majority of mutated cells. | There may be some cases, however, where mutations have a survival advantage compared to neighboring cells, and are able to gain majority. An example of this is cancer. However, it is unlikely that DNA samples will be composed of a majority of mutated cells. | ||
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| The significance of this conclusion, and of the GWA studies for lifespan phenotypes, is that there are no individual alleles that produce a long lived individual, only alleles that reduce lifespan. | The significance of this conclusion, and of the GWA studies for lifespan phenotypes, is that there are no individual alleles that produce a long lived individual, only alleles that reduce lifespan. | ||
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| + | --- //[[user:marcos|Marcos Reyes]] 2019/10/27 03:39// | ||
research-review/prospective-analysis-of-genetic-variants-associated-with-human-lifespan.1571349657.txt.gz · Last modified: 2019/10/17 22:00 by marcos
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